Parameters
Dosing Model
Dose500 mg
Body Weight70 kg
Volume of Distribution Vd0.60 L/kg
Clearance CL5.0 L/h
Absorption Rate ka1.0 /h
Bioavailability F0.80
Number of Doses5
Dosing Interval τ8 h
Min Effective Conc. MEC2.0 μg/mL
Max Safe Conc. MSC20.0 μg/mL
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Cmax [μg/mL]
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Tmax [h]
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t₁/₂ [h]
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AUC₀→∞ [μg·h/mL]
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Css_avg [μg/mL]
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Therapeutic Index MSC/MEC
Drug Concentration C(t) — Multiple Dosing (semi-log)
Governing Equations
1-Compartment IV Bolus: $C(t) = \dfrac{D}{V_d} e^{-k_{el} t}$, $k_{el} = \dfrac{CL}{V_d}$
1-Compartment Oral: $C(t) = \dfrac{F \cdot D \cdot k_a}{V_d(k_a - k_{el})}(e^{-k_{el}t} - e^{-k_a t})$
2-Compartment IV: $C(t) = A e^{-\alpha t} + B e^{-\beta t}$
$t_{1/2} = \dfrac{0.693}{k_{el}}$, $\;\;AUC_{0\to\infty} = \dfrac{D}{CL}$, $\;\;C_{ss,avg} = \dfrac{F \cdot D}{CL \cdot \tau}$
Drug Development & TDM Applications: Vancomycin / aminoglycoside TDM optimization / Anticancer drug dosing schedule design / Personalized medicine (renal function correction) / Population PK model pre-validation.